Techniques for navigating <scp>postsurgical</scp> adhesions: Insights into mechanisms and future directions

Postsurgical adhesions are a common complication of surgical procedures that can lead to postoperative pain, bowel obstruction, infertility, as well complications with future procedures. Several agents have been developed prevent adhesion formation, such barriers, anti-inflammatory and fibrinolytic agents. The Food Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the use physical barrier agents, but they associated conflicting clinical studies controversy in utilization anti-adhesion barriers. In this review, we summarize human anatomy peritoneum, pathophysiology current prevention research progress on prevention. early cellular events starting injured mesothelial cells incorporating macrophage response recently found be formation. This may provide key component for developing methods. barriers separate tissues, Seprafilm®, composed hyaluronic acid carboxymethylcellulose, only reduce risk formation at end stage. Other or preventing studied within context models, which is limited by lack in-vitro model systems in-depth study in-vivo models evaluate efficiency addition, explore emerging therapies, gene therapy stem cell-based approaches, offer new strategies conclusion, represent promising approach reducing burden adhesion-related patients. Further needed optimize their develop therapies challenging problem.